C1 Formal Expressions

Boost your formal writing with 10 essential C1 hedging expressions—learn meanings, see real examples, and test yourself with varied multiple-choice questions to master nuanced academic and professional tone.

Vocabulary Review(10 terms)

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According to recent surveys, consumers ____ prefer online shopping over in-store purchases.

Atend toBalwaysCare bound to

It ____ remote work improves productivity in knowledge industries.

AcategoricallyBis beyond doubt thatCis plausible that

Due to the limited dataset, the findings ____ represent the wider population.

AundoubtedlyBfullyCare not necessarily

Despite positive early data, it ____ the drug is effective for all patients.

AalwaysBis unquestionably trueCremains unclear whether

Combined, the two approaches ____ reduce costs.

AinevitablyBare likely toCmust

Select the option that is **NOT** a hedging expression.

Ait could be argued thatBto some extentCarguablyDwithout exception

The observed correlation ____ a causal relationship between the variables.

Ademonstrates conclusively thatBmay indicate thatCproves beyond doubt

Which phrase best reduces the force of the claim 'most employees prefer remote work'?

AdefinitivelyBalwaysCto some extent

Choose the most cautious (hedged) phrasing: The evidence collected ____ the policy change reduced emissions.

Awill certainlyBappears to suggest thatCconfirms definitivelyDproves undeniably that

Choose the most cautious (hedged) phrasing: ____ the policy benefits low-income families more than others.

AIt could be argued thatBIt has been proven thatCIt is certain that